Shipping hemp-derived products is influenced by both federal protections and carrier-specific policies, which can create confusion for businesses moving compliant goods across state lines. While the 2018 Farm Bill ensures that federally compliant hemp may travel freely between states, the carrier handling the shipment plays a major role in how those protections are applied. This update explains the key differences between using USPS and private carriers, why those differences matter, and how businesses can reduce risk when transporting hemp products.
Federal Protections for Hemp Shipments
Under the 2018 Farm Bill, states are not allowed to interfere with the interstate transport of federally compliant hemp. This means that hemp shipments must be allowed to move across state lines without obstruction, regardless of where the product is grown or delivered. When shipped through a federal agency like USPS, these protections hold significant weight because the package is considered to be in federal custody. USPS cannot open a package without probable cause, and odor alone does not qualify. Their hemp shipment policy is enforceable by law and prevents intervention from state level authorities during transit.
How USPS Differs From Private Carriers
USPS carries a clear federal framework that limits unnecessary interference with hemp shipments, but private carriers such as UPS do not operate under the same structure. If a private carrier discovers a package containing cannabis or hemp, they may turn it over to law enforcement rather than rely on federal protections. Once law enforcement takes possession, the product is typically tested, and common field testing methods can produce a positive result for marijuana even if the product is hemp. This often leads to the product being seized, and depending on the circumstances, the intended recipient may face charges. These outcomes can take months, years, or may never result in formal charges, but the disruption and loss of product create significant risk for compliant businesses.
Why Carrier Choice Matters for Hemp Businesses
Because hemp shipments can trigger different responses depending on the carrier, businesses must be strategic when selecting how their products are transported. USPS provides specific protections backed by federal authority, while private carriers are more likely to escalate a shipment to law enforcement if cannabis is suspected. For companies shipping hemp derived goods, understanding these differences can prevent product loss, delays, and unnecessary legal complications. Selecting a carrier with a clear and enforceable policy for compliant hemp shipping is essential for maintaining smooth operations and protecting the supply chain.